START HERE: BREAST MILK AND THE INFANT MICROBIOME
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Session 1. Introduction to human milk
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1. Session One - Learning Objectives
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2. VIDEO: Meet the experts (3:50)
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3. The evolution of lacation
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4. VIDEO: The evolution of lactation (4:06)
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5. The production of breast milk
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6. VIDEO: How is breast milk produced by the mother? (2:37)
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7. Lactogenesis
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8. VIDEO: Why is human milk so special? (4:07)
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9. Session One: Main components of breast milk
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10. Session One - Scientfic references
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11. Session One - Graded Test
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12. Session One - Downloadable handouts
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13. Session One: Discussion Forum and Reflection on Learning
Session One Further Learning: What is in human milk?
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1. Nutritive components of breast milk
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2. VIDEO: What is in human breast milk (3:29)
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3. Non-nutrititive components of breast milk
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4. Further Learning Session One: Scientific references
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5. Further Learning Session One: Graded Test
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6. Further Learning Session One: Downloadable Handouts
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7. Further Learning Session One: Discussion Forum (to reflect course content)
Session One: Bonus Extras
Session Two: Microbes in breast milk
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1. Session Two - Learning Objectives
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2. Amounts and types of microbes in human milk
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3. VIDEO: Microbes in human breast milk (3:36)
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4. The uniqueness of microbes in breast milk
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5. Session Two: Scientific references
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6. Session Two: Graded Test
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7. Session Two: Downloadable Handouts
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8. Session Two: Discussion Forum and Reflection
Session Two Further Learning: Microbes in human milk
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1. Origins of microbes in human milk
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2. VIDEO: Origin of microbes in human milk (0:59)
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3.. Impact of antibiotics on human milk
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4. Further Learning Session Two: Scientific references
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5. Further Learning Session Two: Graded Test
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6. Further Learning Session Two: Downloadable Handouts
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7. Further Learning Session Two: Discussion Forum (reflect on course content)
Session Two: Bonus Extras
Session 3. HMOs in human milk
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1. Session Three -Learning objectives
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2. Definition of human milk oligosaccharides
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3. VIDEO: What are human milk oligosaccharides? (1:10)
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4. Chemistry of human milk oligosaccharides
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5. VIDEO: Chemistry of human milk oligosaccharides (2:14)
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6. Types and quantities of HMOs in human breast milk
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7. VIDEO: Types and quantities of HMOs in human milk (1:43)
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8. Quantity of HMOs decrease over time
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9. Session Three: Scientific references
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10. Session Three - Graded Test
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11. Session Three - Downloadable Handouts
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12. Session Three: Discussion Forum and Reflection on Learning
Session Three Further Learning: HMOs in human milk
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1. Further Learning: More on chemisty of HMOs
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2. VIDEO: Types of oligosaccharides in humans and other mammals (3:03)
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3. Oligosaccharides in humans and other mammals
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4. VIDEO: How are HMOs produced by the mother? (2:48)
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5. Where and when are HMOs produced
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6. Further Learning Session Three: Scientific references
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7. Further Learning Session Three: Graded Test
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8. Further Learning Session Three: Downloadable Handouts
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9. Further Learning Session Three: Discussion Forum (to discuss and reflect on course content)
Session Three: Bonus Extras
Session 4. Variation of HMOs in different mothers
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1. Session Four - Learning objectives
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2. Diversity of HMOs produced by different mothers
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3. VIDEO: Diversity of HMOs produced by different mothers (2:48)
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4. Concentrations of HMOs
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5. VIDEO: HMOs changing over period of lactation (2:21)
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6. HMOs changing over period of lactation
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7. VIDEO: HMOs in Colostrum (2:05)
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8. Genetics and secretor status
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9. VIDEO: How can you tell if someone is a secretor or non-secretor? (0:58)
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10. Difference between secretors and non-secretors in human milk
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11. Session Four: Science references
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12. Session Four - Graded Test
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13. Session Four - Downloadable Handouts
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14. Session Four: Discussion Forum and Reflection on Learning
Session Four Further Learning: Secretors and non-secretors
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1. Further explanation about secretors and non-secretors
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2. VIDEO: Difference between secretors and non-secretors? (1:34)
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3. Variation in secretors vs non-secretors around the world
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4. VIDEO: Advantages of being a secretor or a non-secretor (1:55)
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5. Advantages of being a non-secretor
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6. Further Learning Session Four: Scientific references
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7. Further Learning Session Four: Graded Test
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8. Further Learning Session Four: Downloadable Handouts
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9. Further Learning Session Four: Discussion Forum (to discuss and reflect on course content)
Session Four: Bonus Extras
Session 5. HMOs and microbes in the infant gut
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1. Session Five - Learning objectives
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2. Difference between probiotics and prebiotics
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3. VIDEO: Difference between probiotics and prebiotics (1:59)
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4. Possible prenatal exposures in the womb
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5. VIDEO: Is a baby born ‘sterile’? (1:16)
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6. Connection between microbes acquired from birth and HMOs
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7. VIDEO: Connection between microbes from birth & HMOs in breast milk (1:42)
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8. How does C-section affect the ‘seed and feed’ process?
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9. Session Five: Science references
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10. Session Five - Graded Test
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11. Session Five - Downloadable Handouts
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12. Session Five: Discussion Forum and Reflection on Learning
Session Five: Further Learning
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1. Why only certain microbes can digest HMOs
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2. VIDEO: The types of microorganisms that can digest HMOs? (2:29)
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3. What is special about bifidobacteria?
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4. VIDEO: What is special about bifidobacteria? (4:38)
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5. Impact of C-section antibiotics and formula feeding
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6. VIDEO: Why are some types of microbes that consume HMOs ‘missing’? (3:24)
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7. Further Learning Session Five: Scientific references
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8. Further Learning Session Five: Graded Test
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9. Further Learning Session Five: Downloadable Handouts
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10. Further Learning Session Five: Discussion Forum (to discuss and reflect on course content)
Session Five: Bonus Extras
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EXTRA VIDEO: HMOs are the perfect food for beneficial gut microbes (1:02)
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EXTRA VIDEO: Fermentation of HMOs and No. of poops per day (1:33)
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EXTRA VIDEO: Why is B. infantis so special? (1:06)
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EXTRA VIDEO: What should mothers know about B. Infantis? (1:42)
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EXTRA VIDEO: Why might B. Infantis be missing in some breastfed infants? (3:05)
Session 6. Breast milk and infant immune training
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1. Session Six - Learning objectives
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2. Key immune components transferred to a baby in human milk
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3. VIDEO: The importance of breast milk for the infant immune system (0:32)
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4. The infant is born with an immature immune system
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5. VIDEO: The gut microbiome & development of infant immune system (2:01)
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6. The training of the infant immune system
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7. VIDEO: The training of the infant immune system (2:38)
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8. Role of HMOs in immune system training
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9. VIDEO: Impact of HMOs on child health (1:50)
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10. Summary of seed & feed process for optimal immune training
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11. Session Six: Science references
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12. Session Six - Graded Test
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13. Session Six - Downloadable Handouts
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14. Session Six: Discussion Forum and Reflection on Learning
Session Six Further Learning: Summary of “Seed and Feed” Process
Session Six: Bonus Extras
Session 7. How HMOs affect infant body systems
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1. Session Seven - Learning objectives
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2. Fermentation of HMOs produces short chain fatty acids
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3. VIDEO: Fermentation of HMOs produces short-chain fatty acids (2:18)
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4 HMOs help improve the gut barrier
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5. VIDEO: HMOs help improve the gut barrier (1:17)
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6. Summary of benefits of short-chain fatty acids
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7. VIDEO: Summary of benefits of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) (1:10)
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8. The sealing of the infant gut
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9. VIDEO: The sealing of the infant gut (1:33)
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10. HMOs block crowd out attach to and trick pathogens
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11. VIDEO: HMOs block, crowd out, attach to and trick pathogens (2:46)
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12. HMOs and epithelial cells
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13. Session Seven: Science references
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14. Session Seven - Graded Test
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15. Session Seven - Downloadable Handouts
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16. Session Seven: Discussion Forum and Reflection on Learning
Session Seven: Further Learning
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1. HMOS can help protect against certain diseases
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2. VIDEO: Can HMOs help protect against asthma / GBS / NEC? (1:43)
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3. Could HMOs directly affect other body systems
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4. VIDEO: Can HMOs influence other body systems? (2:24)
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5. HMOs and brain development
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6. VIDEO: Breast milk and infant brain development (2:07)
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7. Further Learning Session Seven: Scientific references
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8. Further Learning Session Seven: Graded Test
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9. Further Learning Session Seven: Downloadable Handouts
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10. Further Learning Session Seven: Discussion Forum (to discuss and reflect on course content)
Session Seven: Bonus Extras
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EXTRA VIDEO: Multiple functions of HMOs (0:45)
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EXTRA VIDEO: HMOs and food allergies (1:08)
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EXTRA VIDEO: HMOs and antimicrobial resistance (0:50)
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EXTRA VIDEO: HMOs and HIV (1:36)
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EXTRA VIDEO: Breastfeeding and infant brain development (1:35)
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EXTRA VIDEO: Gut microbes and infant brain development (1:43)
Session 8. Expressed milk and donor milk
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1. Session Eight - Learning objectives
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2. Expressed breast milk
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3. VIDEO: Expressed breast milk (1:24)
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4. Peer-to-peer sharing, wet-nursing and donor milk
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5. VIDEO: Microbes in donor breast milk (1:33)
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6. HMOs in donor breast milk
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7. VIDEO: HMOs in donor breast milk (1:46)
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8. Incubating mothers milk in donor breast milk
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9. Session Eight: Science references
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10. Session Eight - Graded Test
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11. Session Eight - Downloadable Handouts
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12. Session Eight: Discussion Forum and Reflection on Learning
Session Eight Further Learning: The protective power of breast milk
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1. The protective power of breast milk
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2. SUGGESTED READING: Articles relating to the protective power of milk
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3. Further Learning Session Eight: Scientific references
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4. Further Learning Session Eight: Graded Test
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5. Further Learning Session Eight: Downloadable Handouts
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6. Further Learning Session Eight: Discussion Forum (to discuss and reflect on course content)
Session Eight: Bonus Extras
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EXTRA VIDEO:Are HMOs the the keys to infant health? (0:56)
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EXTRA VIDEO: What happens if a baby does not receive HMOs? (0:57)
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EXTRA VIDEO: Why do babies need breast milk? (1:06)
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EXTRA VIDEO: Connection between HMOs, microbes & infant health (0:37)
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EXTRA VIDEO: What are the implications of not breastfeeding? (0:46)
Session 9. HMOs and infant formula
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1. Session Nine- Learning objectives
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2. Adding HMOs to infant formula
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3. VIDEO: Why add HMOs to infant formula? (1:34)
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4. Non-digestible carbohydrates and synthetic HMOs ?
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5. VIDEO: How are HMOs synthetically produced (1:13)
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6. HMOS added to infant formula and secretor status
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7. VIDEO: HMOs added to infant formula and secretor status (1:00)
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8. Results of clinical study of HMOs added to infant formula
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9. VIDEO: How many types of HMOs are being added to infant formula? (2:18)
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10.Are HMOs added to infant formula the same as HMOs in human milk?
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11. VIDEO: Are HMOs added to infant formula exactly the same as HMOs in human milk? (2:49)
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12. Impact on infant health of not receiving HMOs in human milk
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13. VIDEO: How does adding HMOs to infant formula impact health? (2:48)
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14. Session Nine: Science references
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15. Session Nine - Graded Test
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16. Session Nine - Downloadable Handouts
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17. Session Nine: Discussion Forum and Reflection on Learning
Session Nine Further Learning: More on infant formula
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1. Impact of formula-feeding on infant health
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2. VIDEO: Long-term risks for infant health (1:21)
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3. Could one bottle of infant formula impact infant health?
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4. VIDEO: Could one bottle of infant formula impact infant health? (1:53)
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5. Take-home messages
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6. VIDEO: Your take-home message (2:08)
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7. Further Learning Session Nine: Scientific references
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8. Further Learning Session Nine: Graded Test
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10. Further Learning Session Nine: Downloadable Handouts
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8. Further Learning Session Nine: Discussion Forum (to reflect on course content)
Session Nine: Bonus Extras
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EXTRA VIDEO: Could infant formula ever match human breast milk? (0:44)
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EXTRA VIDEO: Long-term risks of formula feeding (1:00)
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EXTRA VIDEO: How does formula feeding impact the infant gut microbiome? (0:58)
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EXTRA VIDEO: Why are formula-fed infants more likely to be colonised by pathogens? (0:43)
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EXTRA VIDEO: Are HMOs in infant formula the same as HMOs in human milk? (0:57)
Evaluation Form, Certificate of Completion & Course Downloads
